Persuasive Speech Outline on Death Penalty

Persuasive Speech Outline on Death Penalty If you are looking for a persuasive and controversial topic for your speech, the death penalty is the exact one you need. However, do not consider it to be an easy task, as you need to do a great research as to what would persuade an audience to agree with you and to take action. Let’s look at the persuasive speech outline, specially developed on the death penalty subject, which will definitely steer you in the right direction for delivering the greatest speech. 1. First, create an exciting title to make your speech compelling to your listeners. 2. Your introduction should include strong and purposeful thesis statement that would gain audience attention and orient them to the topic. For example, you can say that capital punishment is used for protecting the safety of the citizens, deterring crime and bringing criminals to justice. Though the purposes are convincing, none of them can justify the killing of a human being. 3. In the body part present the most evident points about the death penalty, which prove your statement. Supporting arguments for you can be: Death penalty does not deter the crime rates more than Life without Parole and it’s more expensive. Capital punishment can’t undo the damage done. There’s always a risk of executing innocent people. Police admit that death penalty does not reduce the incidence of violent crimes, etc. 4. Briefly summarize the strongest points in your conclusion. Emphasize that the justice system will be more just and equal, if the death penalty is removed. 5. Choose the bright quote that would finish you speech more persuasively. Mine is Dr. Rush’s, a friend of Benjamin Franklin: â€Å"The punishment of murder by death is contrary to reason, and to the order and happiness of society, and contrary to divine revelation.† Follow this working outlet and you will surely prove all your ideas with a feeling of complete self-confidence, and deliver a speech, which will have certainly the greatest success.

Gender Roles Equal Inequality A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen

Beauty models, movie stars, and music artists have become role models for thousands of people despite submitting to gender roles and stereotypes. Even though some teens may believe that they are immune to the presence of these gender roles, the media, society, their cultural beliefs, and their peers are capable of influencing them into changing their opinions and life choices. An example of this is how Nora is treated like a doll and a child by her husband and blindly accepts the life that society says she should live in A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. Despite the stereotypes that exist in her society, Mrs. Linde goes beyond the expectations and the restrictions of a stereotypical of woman because she supports her sick mother and her younger brothers in multiple places including â€Å"a small shop [and] then a small school†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ibsen 19). Nora is treated like â€Å"[Helmer’s] doll-wife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ibsen 76) because she has become accustomed to being con trolled by the men in her life. She tells her husband that throughout her marriage, she was unable to express her own thoughts and opinions and â€Å"so [she] got the same tastes as [Helmer]† (Ibsen 76). In this statement, Nora is describing an archetypical conflict of Innate Wisdom vs. Educated Stupidity because while she argues about the necessity of learning who she is and being equal to her husband, he use invalid arguments based on societies expectations. Furthermore, Nora has had an epiphany in which she realizes that her marriage is notShow MoreRelatedA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1290 Words   |  6 PagesA Doll’s House The timeless writing A Doll’s House, by Henrik Ibsen is a controversial Realist Drama that provides a raw insight on how the equality of gender roles for women during the late 1800s was impacted by Women’s Rights Movement’s and women’s desire to break the stereotypes. A Doll’s House is a play that serves as a window allowing the audience to witness the artificial mold of this society’s expectations being broken by a female character. Set in a time where women were not quite liberalRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1666 Words   |  7 PagesMy understanding of cultural and contextual considerations of the work, A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, was deepened through the interactive oral. We discussed about the cultural values of the time with its emphasis on the position of women, and the play’s influence on feminism in Norway. In fact, A Doll’s House is more relevant than before, since a paradigm shift occurred in the modern society that women are no longer dependent upon men. After the publication and the first stage production, theRead More Societal Views of Women in the Victorian Era in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House887 Words   |  4 PagesSocietal Views of Women in the Victorian Era in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House A Doll’s House, by Henrik Ibsen, creates a peephole into the lives of a family in the Victorian Era. The play portrays a female viewpoint in a male-dominated society. The values of the society are described using the actions of a woman, Nora, who rebels against the injustices inflicted upon her gender. Women’s equality with men was not recognized by society in the late 1800’s. Rather, a woman was considered a dollRead MoreA Doll‚Äà ´s House by Henrik Ibsen1004 Words   |  5 PagesDana Schrenker O’Connor April 20, 2010 A Doll’s House A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, is a play about a woman who realizes that she is worth more than she has been given credit. Her whole life she was treated like a little doll; too fragile to do anything serious, too frail to be troubled with real business. She was the wife, mother and homemaker. The only things she was perceived as capable of were running the home, raising the children and looking pretty. This wasRead More A Comparison of Gender-Roles in A Dolls House and A Streetcar named Desire1400 Words   |  6 PagesGender-Roles in A Dolls House and A Streetcar named Desire   Ã‚   The roles of males and females in our society are subjects that entail great criticism, and have been under scrutiny for as long as a `society has existed. In analyzing A Dolls House by Henrick Ibsen and A Streetcar named Desire by Tennessee Williams, the effects that gender-roles have on relationships is an evident aspect in both of the plays. The choice of words used by the authors strongly underscores the themes of supremacyRead MoreEssay On The Role Of Women In A Dolls House1435 Words   |  6 PagesIn A Dolls House, a play by Henrik Ibsen, the restricting roles of woman and how they were viewed in society at the time are depicted. From this play you can see how woman were treated compared to men through the main character Nora Helmer. Nora’s character represents the â€Å"doting wife†, willing to do anything in order to keep her husband happy. Ibsen wrote about what he believed to be the roles in society, feminism and equality. â€Å"A Doll’ s House† was written in the 1800s however in a bigger socialRead MoreDifferences Between Men and Women as Seen in Ibsens A Dolls House814 Words   |  3 PagesAt the end of Henrik Ibsens play, A Dolls House, Nora Helmer, the protagonist of the play, walks away from her husband and children and away from all of the social pressures that, as a woman, she has faced. The play seems to be entirely about the differences between men and women and Noras need to be seen as an equal yet her husbands need (and societys need) to keep her in a subservient position. It has been deemed a struggle of genders and Ibsen can arguably be seen as a fervent supporter ofRead MoreA Doll’s House is a play written by Henrik Ibsen during the Victorian era that portrays the role of1000 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House is a play written by Henrik Ibsen during the Victorian era that portrays the role of women at that time, not only in marriage but in society as well, the gender discrimin ation suffered quietly by the women and witnessed impassively by the men, and subsequently reflects on the attitude each gender has towards itself as well as towards the other gender. In this paper the following is discussed – how Nora became aware of this inequality and the oppression she faced in the course of theRead MoreMajor Influences Shaping Theatre Practice Today2101 Words   |  9 Pagespractitioners such as Henrik Ibsen and Anton Chekov. Comparing plays such as ‘The Seagull’ 1896 by Chekov and ‘Ghosts’ 1881 by Ibsen with the previous classics such as Shakespeare, demonstrates they were in a whole new world of theatre taking the basics and transforming them into new works, which reflected greatly in the negative reception they received ‘A three act dialogue called Ghosts – being one of the most unpleasant of the many unpleasant productions of the Norwegian crank Mr Ibsen – was obtrudedRead MoreSocietys Influence on the Relationships in A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen1298 Words   |  5 Pagesboth good and bad ways. In a Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, Torvald and Nora’s relationship was destructive because of society, shown in the novel through symbols, motifs, and indirect characterization. Their relationship was ultimately strained by the views of others, society, showing that if marital views of society are embraced in a marriage, the marriage will fall apart. Torvald’s relationship with Nora was greatly affected by the views society had of women’s roles both in marriage and as a stereotypical

Causes of an Unhealthy Diet free essay sample

The Causes of An Unhealthy Diet There are many causes for an unhealthy diet. The causes themselves can range from person to person, but generally there are some that are identical from one person to another. The general causes that stand out the most include personal expense, believing current eating habits is healthy enough, and knowing a change is needed but doing little to change it. What you eat, whether you think about it or not, relies mostly on what you can afford. For example a college student like me, would find it more affordable to make some Macaroni and Cheese then go to a healthy restaurant. Also with expense, convenience can be included. Like the previous example a quick meal loaded with calories and other fats would be more convenient for a college student than making a five course meal from scratch. In the end the $0. 99 macaroni would be the more economical way to go. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of an Unhealthy Diet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A big mistake a lot of people make is thinking what they currently eat is healthy enough already. They will attempt to stick to the food pyramids suggested servings, but will pay little attention to actual ingredients in the food. Two perfect examples are pasta and juice. Out of convenience, Pasta Roni is used for a quick flavorful meal. Little attention is given to the preservatives and ample amount of sodium included in each box. Fruit juice is possibly the worst culprit. You drink your juice thinking you’re getting your servings for the day. In actuality you’re getting 10% actual juice and an unhealthy overload of sugars and food colorings. It really pays to read all the nutrition facts when planning a healthy meal change. Finally, knowing a change is needed and providing resistance is a major contributor to an unhealthy diet. For most of us having a set schedule or favorite food is hard to change. For example, the thought of having to give up Chicago Style Hot Dogs for the sake of a healthier diet would not be a sacrifice I would be willing to make. And then there those who simply resist all efforts of change from nutrition to exercise. They are so set in their ways nothing will change their minds. Unfortunately these are the people you usually see with the serious health problems or obesity due to unhealthy diets. There will always be causes for an unhealthy diet. It is the individuals’ responsibility to recognize and manage those causes. Whether the causes are monetary, lack of interest in actual ingredients, or resistance to change. The final outcome will be based on the individuals’ decisions thus making overall health a personal problem.

The Hip-Hop/Rock Phenomenon Essays - Music, African-American Culture

The Hip-Hop/Rock Phenomenon It seems as though you can barely read a magazine or flip on the television without hearing about one of these new hip-hop/rock groups. Media outlets such as Rolling Stone and MTV treat these bands as though miraculously created this "new" genre of music. Acts such as Limp Bizkit, Kid Rock and Sugar Ray are treated though they are creative geniuses when in reality they are only doing things that have already been done before. True some of these new bands are very talented, but bands such Run DMC, the Red Hot Chili Peppers and Rage Against the Machine, blended the seemingly mismatched flavors of rap and rock with brilliant results long before any of these bands had ever even seen a turntable. The earliest recorded example of this fusion of hip-hop and hard rock, came in 1985 with the release of Run DMC's "Rock Box". The song featured a beat which sounded more like an AC/DC instrumental than what your average hip-hop consumer had grown accustomed to, nevertheless underneath the vocals of Run DMC the song was their first bonafied crossover hit. The single even landed them onto heavy rotation on MTV, making Run DMC the first hip-hop group to ever have their video played with the station. The song was only the first of a long string of hits for the group to feature hard rock beats, of course with pumped up bass and the prerequisite turntable scratch. Their success carried over to their remake of Aerosmiths classic "Walk This Way", which too became an instant classic. The record also marked the first direct collaboration between a rap group and a rock band. However while Run DMC was a hip-hop group with heavy rock influence, the Red Hot Chili Peppers are a perfect example of the exact opposite, a rock band with distinct hip-hop overtones. From as early back to the mid-eighties the Chili Peppers were trendsetters, they were regularly sharing headline in Los Angeles clubs with hip-hop acts, which one must remember was at a time when rap music was frowned upon by the rock community. Either way somewhere on their path they picked up on certain elements from hip-hop music and successfully incorporated them into their eclectic playing style. On recordings such as "Good Time Boys" from the bands critically acclaimed album Mothers Milk, it is not hard to see that he is indeed rapping to the beat as opposed to the usually singing which one would expect from an alternative band. But the genius lies in the fact that the song retains its original qualities keeping it from becoming a wannabe rap song, yet at the very same time it pushed the creative envelope for music as a whole and also pushing the Chili Peppers onto new creative ground. It was easy see that Run DMC and the Red Hot Chili Peppers were bands who while firmly rooted in one genre of music heavily borrowed elements from another genre. However Rage Against the Machine was much different than either one of these bands, it was the true brainchild of both hip-hop and hard rock. It could be argued with that with the release of their first album in 1992, that they were the first rap/rock band to truly be split right down the middle. The band utilized definite hard rock beats that could in no way be confused with any sort of hip-hop beat, however their vocalist Zach De La Rocha could in no way be taken for anything other than a rapper. It was a sharp contrast to the previous attempts to fuse the two styles of music together and the band did it beautifully. De La Rocha, whose previous experience as a rapper in various Los Angeles hip-hop groups, fit perfectly over the hard rock beats provided by his band mates. Fortunately the music scene was finally ready for their sound, which led to the group gaining critical acclaim and modest video play. Despite what the media is trying to sell the public, do not believe the hype. Hip-hop/rock hybrids are nothing new to the music scene, it is just the latest trend beingused to sell magazines and fuel album sales. Which is not necessarily wrong, it is only

Conjugation of the Spanish Verb Traer

Conjugation of the Spanish Verb Traer Traer is the most common Spanish verb that means to bring. Its stem changes in a way that isnt readily predictable. Other verbs that are conjugated in the same pattern include abstraer (to think about abstractly), atraer (to attract), contraer (to shrink), distraer (to distract), extraer (to extract), retraer (to dissuade or retract), and sustraer (to remove). Irregular forms are shown below in boldface. Translations are given as a guide and in real life may vary with context. Infinitive of Traer traer (to bring) Gerund of Traer trayendo (bringing) Participle of Traer traà ­do (brought) Present Indicative of Traer Present indicative (presente del indicativo): yo traigo, tà º traes, usted/à ©l/ella trae, nosotros/as traemos, vosotros/as traà ©is, ustedes/ellos/ellas traen (I bring, you bring, he brings, etc.) Preterite of Traer yo traje, tà ºÃ‚  trajiste, usted/à ©l/ella trajo, nosotros/as trajimos, vosotros/as trajisteis, ustedes/ellos/ellas trajeron (I brought, you brought, she brought, etc.) Imperfect Indicative of Traer yo traà ­a, tà º traà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella traà ­a, nosotros/as traà ­amos, vosotros/as traà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas traà ­an (I used to bring, you used to bring, he used to bring, etc.) Future Indicative of Traer yo traerà ©, tà º traers, usted/à ©l/ella traer, nosotros/as traeremos, vosotros/as traerà ©is, ustedes/ellos/ellas traern (I will bring, you will bring, he will bring, etc.) Conditional of Traer yo traerà ­a, tà º traerà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella traerà ­a, nosotros/as traerà ­amos, vosotros/as traerà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas traerà ­an (I would bring, you would bring, she would bring, etc.) Present Subjunctive of Traer que yo traiga, que tà º traigas, que usted/à ©l/ella traiga, que nosotros/as traigamos, que vosotros/as tragis, que ustedes/ellos/ellas traigan (that I bring, that you bring, that she bring, etc.) Imperfect Subjunctive of Traer que yo trajera (trajese), que tà º trajeras (trajeses), que usted/à ©l/ella trajera (trajese), que nosotros/as trajà ©ramos (trajà ©semos), que vosotros/as trajerais (trajeseis), que ustedes/ellos/ellas trajeran (trajesen) (that I brought, that you brought, that he brought , etc.) Imperative of Traer trae (tà º), no traigas (tà º), traiga (usted), traigamos (nosotros/as), traed (vosotros/as), no tragis (vosotros/as), traigan (ustedes) (bring, dont bring, bring, lets bring, etc.) Compound Tenses of Traer The perfect tenses are made by using the appropriate form of haber and the past participle, traà ­do. The progressive tenses use estar with the gerund, trayendo. Sample Sentences Showing Conjugation of Traer and Related Verbs Estamos estudiando la posibilidad de traer ms especialistas. (We are studying the possibility of bringing in more specialists. Infinitive.)Estamos trayendo energà ­a y equilibrio superior al equipo. (We are bringing energy and balance to the team. Present progressive.)No he traà ­do nada. (I havent brought you anything. Present perfect.)Le traigo la leche para que se haga un capuchino. (I am bringing you the milk so you can make a cappuccino. Present indicative.)Me distraen las conversaciones que oigo a mi derecha y a  mi izquierda. (The conversations I hear to my right and left distract me. Present indicative.)Extrajimos unos centà ­metros cà ºbicos del là ­quido. (We extracted a few cubic centimeters of the liquid.) Preterite.)Mis tà ­os siempre traà ­an revistas nuevas o algà ºn juguete. (My aunts and uncles always brought some new magazines or some toy. Imperfect.)La ceremonia atraer a decenas de miles de personas (The ceremony will draw tens of thousands of people. Fut ure.)Patricia me distraerà ­a pidià ©ndome de jugar con ella. (Patricia would distract me by asking me to play with her. Conditional.) Espero que me traigas buenas noticias. (I hope you bring me good news. Present subjunctive.)Hubo un tiempo en el que era ilegal que las parejas interraciales contrajeran matrimonio. (There was a time when it was illegal for interracial couples to get married. Imperfect subjunctive.)Trelo aquà ­. (Bring it here. Imperative.)

Tuscan Columns From Roman Architecture

Tuscan Columns From Roman Architecture The Tuscan column - plain, without carvings and ornaments - represents one of the five orders of classical architecture and is a defining detail of todays Neoclassical style building. Tuscan is one of the oldest and most simple architectural form practiced in ancient Italy. In the United States, the column named after the Tuscany region of Italy is one of the most popular column types to hold up American front porches. From the bottom up, any column consists of a base, a shaft, and a capital. The Tuscan column has a very simple base upon which sets a very simple shaft. The shaft is usually plain and not fluted or grooved. The shaft is slender, with proportions similar to a Greek Ionic column. At the top of the shaft is a very simple, round capital. The Tuscan column has no carvings or other ornamentation. Fast Facts: Tuscan Column Shaft is slender and smooth, without flutes or groovesBase is simpleCapital is round with unornamented bandsAlso known as Tuscany column, Roman Doric, and Carpenter Doric Tuscan and Doric Columns Compared A Roman Tuscan column resembles a Doric column from ancient Greece. Both column styles are simple, without carvings or ornaments. However, a Tuscan column is traditionally more slender than a Doric column. A Doric column is stocky and usually without a base. Also, the shaft of a Tuscan column is usually smooth, while a Doric column usually has flutes (grooves). Tuscan columns, also known as Tuscany columns, are sometimes called Roman Doric, or Carpenter Doric because of the similarities. Origins of the Tuscan Order Historians debate when the Tuscan Order emerged. Some say that Tuscan was a primitive style that came before the famous Greek Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders. But other historians say that the Classical Greek Orders came first, and that Italian builders adapted Greek ideas to develop a Roman Doric style that evolved into the Tuscan Order. Buildings With Tuscan Columns Boone Hall Plantation, Mount Pleasant, South Carolina. John Moore/Getty Images (cropped) Considered strong and masculine, Tuscan columns originally were often used for utilitarian and military buildings. In his Treatise on Architecture, the Italian architect Sebastiano Serlio (1475–1554) called the Tuscan order suitable to fortified places, such as city gates, fortresses, castles, treasuries, or where artillery and ammunition are kept, prisons, seaports and other similar structures used in war. In the United States, many antebellum plantation homes were adorned with Tuscan columns, as the Greek Revival style suited the authority demanded of the masters house. Tuscan columns projected a nos include Boone Hall in South Carolina, the Rosalie Mansion in Natchez, Mississippi, Houmas House plantation near New Orleans, Louisiana, and the 1861 Gaineswood plantation house in Demopolis, Alabama. The Long Branch Estate in Millwood, Virginia was built in the Federal style in 1813, but when porticos and columns were added around 1845, the house style became Classical (or Greek) Revival. Why? The columns, Tuscan in the North and Ionic columns in the South, are features of Classical architecture. Franklin D. Roosevelts Little White House, Warm Springs, Georgia. Bettmann/Getty Images (cropped) In the 20th century, builders in the United States adopted the uncomplicated Tuscan form for wood-framed Gothic Revival, Georgian Colonial Revival, Neoclassical, and Classical Revival homes. With simple, easy-to-construct columns, simple homes could become regal. Residential examples abound throughout the U.S. In 1932, the future president Franklin Delano Roosevelt built a home in Warm Springs, Georgia, hoping to find a cure for his polio by swimming in the warm waters of the south. FDR chose a classical approach to his Little White House, with a pediment being sustained by the strength of the Tuscan columns. Tuscan Columns on Shingled Cottage. Compassionate Eye Foundation/Getty Images Adding a portico with columns, even simple columns, can add grandeur to a home - and affect the entire style. Even the informality of shingle siding can be transformed by a simple white column. The Tuscan column is seen throughout the world in residential architecture. Carpenters could easily shave and shape long wooden pieces to desired heights. Today, manufacturers produce all types of columns from all types of materials. If you live in a historic district, however, the type of column and how its made is very important when repairs are necessary. Although the homeowner can achieve the Tuscan look with a polymer plastic column, historic preservationists encourage replacing rotted wooden columns with new wooden columns. It could be worse - remember that Tuscan columns used to be carved from marble stone, a replacement that no historic commission would enforce. Columned Porches in Salem, Massachusetts. Jackie Craven Slender and unornamented, Tuscan columns are perfect to support the height of multi-story front porches. By painting them the same color as the molding, rails, and trim, the columns become integrated into the design of a New England home. Tuscan columns can be found on many front porches across the U.S. A colonnade, or a series of columns, is often made up of Tuscan columns. The simplicity of its individual design creates a majesty when many columns are evenly spaced in rows. The colonnade at Saint Peters Square in Vatican City is a well-known example of Tuscan columns. Likewise, sections of the colonnade walkways on the Lawn of Thomas Jeffersons University of Virginia also represent the Tuscan Order. Colonnade at the University of Virginia. Jay Paul/Getty Images The Tuscan column may be Italian in origin, but Americans have embraced the architecture as their own - in large part, thanks to Americas gentleman architect, Thomas Jefferson.

The Summer of Sam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Summer of Sam - Essay Example The film then cuts to a car driving through New York. In these opening scenes great emphasis is placed on the juxtaposition off sonic and visual elements to create impact and viewer interest. As the film advances it begins to assume more of a traditional linear narrative format. As it follows a man and his wife as they go into a nightclub, and the follows the man as he leaves and engages in intercourse with a woman he picked up there; they are ultimately interrupted by a mysterious car. The next scene at 7:32 includes another murder. It’s clear that while the narrative appears to be centered around these characters, in reality the viewer has in part been placed in the position of the mysterious murderer, who hovers in the background throughout these narrative developments. The film then cuts back to the man in who has returned to the nightclub. These characters, in contrast to the murderer, represents the film’s first developed parallel narrative structure. At 13:00 the film introduces the third narrative element, considering the life of Richie, a punk rock youth. At 20:25, the film then combines these parallel narratives as Richie and the man from the nightclub meet-up. At 30:00, the narrative then seamlessly gives way to an encounter between two cops and perceived Mafioso.

Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Operations Management - Essay Example The paper throws light on operations management as â€Å"the conversion of inputs into outputs, using physical resources, so as to provide the desired utility/utilities of form, place, possession or state of a combination thereof to the customer, while meeting the other organizational objectives of effectiveness, efficiency and adaptability†. Production and operations management is also described as providing physical goods or services. Production and operations are often taken interchangeably; in fact all productive activities are classifiable as operations. Operations management mainly â€Å"consists of activities which are concerned with the acquisition of raw materials, their conversion into finished product, and the supply of that finished product to the customer. In the offshore oil exploration industry, Woll noted that the term â€Å"operations management† is used in different ways at all levels of the organization, citing enterprise operations management, offsi te (tank farm) operations management, and remote operations management. While they differ in scope, they all have a common purpose, which is â€Å"to coordinate a predefined set of resources to achieve predefined results†. Specific responsibilities of the operations manager include strategic operation planning, policy setting, budgeting, management of other managers or of the operations department staff, and the control of the operations function. The core responsibilities of operations managers are circumscribed within the activities, tasks and decisions they are required to make. (Slack, et al., 2010). A figure useful for envisioning the production functions in terms of levels of responsibilities of operations management is provided by Roy (2007) in the following diagram: The Production Function: specific responsibilities of the operation manager Source: Roy, 2007, p. 7 In the pre-planning stage, the bulk of the conceptualization concerning the product, the process, the qua ntity to be produced and the particulars of the productions facilities, is accomplished. The planning of the specifics in terms of the logistics, personnel, equipment, and techniques or methods follows, after which the actualization takes place. The execution of the plans requires the control of the processes to assure that the parameters set during the planning process are abided by, or adjusted if warranted. Finally, feedback generated from the control stage provides input to the pre-planning stage for the next cycle, and the series of activities begins anew. Traditionally, production and operations management referred solely to manufacturing concerns, thus the emphasis on physical resources in many definitions. However, in time the conventional definition had taken cognizance of the fact that many service industries employ the same techniques and activities used in production management in manufacturing of tangible goods. Thus, the term had gradually taken on a broader and more c omprehensive meaning, being equally applied to the manufacture of goods as well as the delivery of services. Other than the general responsibilities of operations management, there have recently come to fore some specialized

Aggressive acts in popular TV programmes Essay Example for Free

Aggressive acts in popular TV programmes Essay In this piece of coursework I am trying to find out whether aggressive acts in popular TV programmes cause children to act more violently. The participants used in this experiment will be children aged between 5 and 10. I think that the more aggressive acts there are in the popular TV programmes the more aggressive the child will act after watching the programme.  Most of us recognise aggression when we see it but the reason the person is being aggressive we find hard to determine. One common way to determine aggression is by saying there are 2 types instrumental and hostile aggression. Instrumental aggression is used to achieve a specific goal, perhaps to protect yourself or to try and get your own way. This form of aggression is not always accompanied by anger. Hostile aggression is aimed at damaging someone or something, and is often done in anger. The social learning theory says that we learn not only through reinforcement but also by observing other people and imitating their behaviour, which is called observational learning. A psychologist named Albert Bandura studies of aggression are based on the teachings of the social learning theory. He found out the following points:  Observation  Always we are watching people, and children in particular spend a lot of time observing others. While observing others they pick up on what they say and how they say it. The see how other people react to what is said or done, and observe the consequences of other peoples behaviour. If the behaviour is imitated by the observer we know the behaviour has been learned. For example a boy might kick his teddy bear in the same way as he seen his hero in a cartoon punch another character. The child may imitate the sounds which the hero in a cartoon makes. If the hero was rewarded or shown admiration for its actions in the cartoon then the child is more likely to imitate the heros behaviour. This is an example of vicarious reinforcement. Reinforcement  If the child is rewarded for its actions it is more likely to perform the behaviour. If the boy imitates a character on the TV and is rewarded by the carer the behaviour is likely to continue. If the carer disapproves of the behaviour of the child and punishes then the child is less likely to perform the behaviour again.  Albert Banduras Research On Aggression  Albert Bandura performed a number of experiments which focused on the effect of children watching an adult behave aggressively. For example, Bandura and friends (1961) arranged for an adult to hit and kick a large inflatable doll (called a Bobo doll) whilst the child was in the room. Afterwards the child had a chance to play with a variety of toys, including the doll, whilst the adult was present. Bandura in later experiments changed this procedure, because he showed a child a film of someone being aggressive to the doll in the environmental condition. In the control condition children watched a non-violent film. They were watched afterwards whilst playing and a number of incidents of aggression were noted. When participants were asked to replicate as much of the models behaviour as they could remember, most were able to do so accurately regardless of whether the model had been reinforced or punished. Some of the children who had not been aggressive towards the doll, even though they could do so accurately when asked. These children had learned the behaviour even though they did not imitate it. The Role Of The Media In Aggression  Banduras research indicated that children could learn new ways of being aggressive from their observation of models. This raised the question of what role the media might play in encouraging aggression and violence in society. The way aggression and violence in films, cartoons, TV programmes, computer games and books are presented provides models which children and adults may imitate. As a result of this, there was a huge increase in the research to discover the level and type of violence shown in the media, and what role the medias presentation of violence might play in aggressive behaviour. T. Williams and colleagues (1986), studied children in three Canadian towns and were compared to discover whether television had an influence on their levels of aggression. At the start of the study, one town had no television (Notel), another town had one channel (Unitel) and a third had several channels (Multitel). A year later Notel had one channel, Unitel had two channels. The researchers measured childrens levels of aggression before channels were added and again one year afterwards. The observed the children in playgrounds, and asked teachers and children to rate aggression. Aggression both verbally and physically increased after Notel children began watching TV, and this for both boys and girls. In addition Williams found a positive correlation between the amount of time a child watched TV and the amount of aggression he or she showed.

James Stewart :: Entertainment Film Papers

James Stewart "In a career of extraordinary range and depth, Jimmy Stewart has come to embody on screen the very image of the typical American.... His idealism, his determination, his vulnerability, and above all, his basic decency shine through every role he plays..."-- The American Film Institute. The Nature of Film and Acting When film was young, acting was overdone. Low quality cameras could only record large movements; posing and enunciation were overstated as a result of theater acting; the development of the character was limited to a script. Starting in the 1930's film acting became more natural. Actors could interpret scripts to find emotion and motivation in their characters. Good acting relies on a kinesthetic, an intrapersonal, and an interpersonal intelligence, all of which work together to form a creative expression. There exist limitless styles of acting; there is always something to learn. The physicality of the actor is the most important part of the creation of the character. Since all experiences are interpreted through a physical means (i.e. our senses), the kinesthetic actor can evoke a response from his audience by connecting his actions to their lives, memories, or emotions. By having distinct facial features or a certain body build, the actor's mere physical presence can convey some detail of his character. However, the most important part of the kinesthetic intelligence in acting is the knowledge of one's body, where it is, what it's doing, and what message it's conveying. This is more than just muscle movement. It includes physique, timing, rhythm, voice and mannerisms. When we watch movies, we notice emotion and characterization mainly in the eyes and mouth. However, a man can not just act from the neck up. What his body tells us is just as important as what his face tells. Try It! Make your body tense. Tighten every muscle you can. Now, smile. How do you feel? How would you appear to feel? For the actor, the hands are a good place to release energy, but conveying meaningful messages through the hands is hard to do. Also, overuse of gestures can be dizzying to a viewer. Voice is another excellent means of communicating the unstated. From sincerity to sarcasm, we can tell as much from the way something is said as from the words themselves. Underneath the physical lies the actor's presence. The intrapersonal unconsciously comes through in the form of a persona that the audience can further relate to.

Problem Solving. Younger Sibling Problems Essay

Younger siblings can be a problem that will lead to a bigger problem, your parents being angry at you for never being home. My younger brothers, CJ and Colin, are obnoxious and very annoying. CJ is six years younger than me and Colin is eight years younger than me. You wouldn’t think that they would be a problem to me since there is such an age difference between us, but they are. Since my brothers annoy me I am rarely home; my parents get angry with me for it, but there is not much I can do when both of my brothers get on my nerves; most of the time they do it at the same time. A big problem for me is that my brothers annoy me so much that I have to leave and go somewhere that does not involve my brothers, which causes my parents to be mad at me. CJ, the older brother, is so mouthy. He always has something to say to me when I try talk to him; most of the time it is not nice, it is usually something rude. It seems like he was raised not to be respectful, but he wasn’t r aised that way. For example, one day I asked him nicely to grab my cellphone and his reply was â€Å"why don’t you get up and get it yourself, both of your legs work, right?† I do not know why he acts the way he does, but it gets on my nerves. CJ and I always argue about everything. For instance, when I am in the living room watching TV he will try to play the Xbox, but I tell him that he can wait after the show is over, so he decides to tell our mother then has a fit about it. If he doesn’t get what he wants he gets furious and starts to have little fits; sometimes the fits are out of control. Also, he always talks back to our mother; that is the most annoying thing to me. When he talks back to our mother it makes me irate. I usually want to leave whenever he gets that way, but sometimes I do not have anywhere to go. When I leave I go to my friend’s house or I will go to the store such as Wal-Mart, the Dollar Store, or just somewhere that I can get away from him when he acts that way. Colin, the younger brother, is too hyper active for me. He is always jumping off the walls. It is like he cannot sit still. When he acts like that I just want to leave and go somewhere peaceful. I cannot go in my room because I can hear him in there too. The only time it is quiet at my house is when he is at his friends, watching TV, playing the Xbox, playing on the computer, or sleeping. When I ask him to stop nicely he does it again just to get on my nerves. I know he  does it on purpose because when he does it he laughs about it; nothing makes me angrier than that. If he has a friend over I cannot be home because when he and his friends are together they act like they are insane. For example, around Fourth of July his friend Preston was at our house and he lit fireworks off inside our house when my mother was sleeping; she was upstairs sleeping and they were downstairs in our living room, so she could not hear them. I was not home at the time and neither was my father. She found out the next morning and was furious with them. You would think that my brother Colin would have told him not to do it, but he was right along with Preston. There was burn marks in our white carpet. There was no reason for him to act like that with his friends. He should be more responsible whenever situations like that happen. Colin is too hyper active for me to handle, so when he acts up I cannot stand being around him; I usually leave whenever he acts like that. Solving a problem that involves emotions is difficult. I could solve the problem by trying to avoid the situations and ignoring my younger brothers. When CJ begins to say rude comments to me I could leave the room instead of leaving the house so my parents do not get angry at me for never being home. I could remove myself from the situation; maybe whenever Colin starts to act up I could go outside or do something I enjoy such as reading or listening to music. When I listen to music it calms my nerves down. If I do that then I would not leave my house as much as I usually do. If I remove myself from the situation by doing something that relaxes me could solve the problem an efficient and effective way my parents would not be as frustrated with me. I would be home a lot more than I usually am and that would cause my parents to be very happy with me, especially if I am home more to help my mother clean the house or help her with whatever she needs help with. In brief, younger siblings can be a problem that can lead to another problem that involves your parents. My brothers, CJ and Colin are both very annoying to me and that causes me to leave my house; when I leave my house my parents get angry at me because I am never home. CJ always talks back to everyone in my house and that irri tates me. When he does that I get annoyed and I go somewhere that doesn’t involve him. I try to leave the house and go wherever I can get away from the annoyance of my brothers. Colin is an extremely hyper child; he is always jumping up and down. When he does that it really gets on my nerves  and I leave the house whenever he acts like that; I cannot handle it sometimes. I like to go to a place where I can have peace. To solve these problems I can calm myself down by doing something I enjoy like reading or listening to music. It would be effective if I removed myself from the situations my brothers cause. If I remove myself from the situations instead of leaving all the time my parents would not be as frustrated with me. It would be a win-win situation; I would not be as annoyed with my brothers and my parents would not be as frustrated with me for leaving the house. I would be home more often and could help my mother more around the house. In conclusion, to avoid my parents being angry with me I could do something that calms me down instead of leaving the house beca use my brothers annoy me.

Oedipus: A Tragic Hero or Not? Essay

Oedipus is definitely a tragic hero. In Aristotle’s theory he talks about the ways you become a tragic hero. The first thing that happened to Oedipus is the ‘the reversal of fortune leading up to a final recognition’. In the story this happens man times, When he is a baby he was sent to the mountain to be killed which would be a misfortune. A shepherd comes up to the mountain and saves him by bringing him back to Corinth. Oedipus kills his biological father. Later in life Oedipus solves the riddle of the sphinx and becomes the town hero. The next thing that happens would be when Oedipus finds out that he married his mom and killed his father which was what he was trying to stay away from his whole life. Another trait that a Tragic Hero has is experiences heavy suffering. Oedipus suffers many times in this play. When Oedipus was on top of the mountain his parents put some type of metal pipe in his feet so he could not walk. Oedipus must have felt pain there. Emotional wise when he found out the king and queen of Corinth were not his parents he must have felt pain. When he found out he killed his biological father he must have felt pain and when he found his wife/mother hanging he felt pain. When Oedipus looks back at all the tragedies in his life you can see that he had heavy suffering throughout his entire life. The last thing that can be a characteristic of a tragic hero is when his misfortune is brought about by error of judgement. This also happens a lot in the story Oedipus Rex. The fist error of judgement in my opinion would be when Jocasta and her husband decide to put Oedipus on the mountain instead of killing him right on the spot. If they would have none of this would have happened. Another misfortune by error of judgement would be when he killed  his father. He and his gang of thugs killed the king and most of his men. Why did he have to do it? That death was cause for no real reason accept for money and he could have escaped the prophecy if he would have stopped killing for money. These are the errors of judgement in Oedipus Rex.

Free Essays on Retailing

What we have isn’t really a serious â€Å"problem† to the company; rather, it may be an opportunity waiting to happen. Express for Men is doing fine with the work, effort, marketing, and strategic planning they’ve done, but there may be a chance to expand its target market. Like its family store, Limited, they were very successful in what they did for women’s clothing. Following that success what they did was create a way for those similar clothes to be worn by younger women, specifically ages 7-14. So what we are thinking as our â€Å"problem† is that Express for Men doesn’t have a store to fit the younger male. This may be because of two reasons: they basically just started converting Structure stores across the U.S. to Express for Men and haven’t thought about the idea yet, or they don’t see there to be a profitable market. But take this into consideration. Big brothers, athletes, heroes, and fathers are all looked upon by th eir younger generations, big brothers especially. Now coming from experience, I can say that my little brother always wanted to wear clothes that I did. At that point in my life I was like, â€Å"whatever, leave me alone†. But nowadays, this can be used to retailers advantage. Both men and teenage guys are more interested in the style of clothing. So for example, these guys shop for clothing at Express for Men because they want to look good, and feel comfortable (which is the feeling I get when I wear their clothing). So now we have a market of men running around in Express clothing living their daily lives, when in actually, they’re being lookup by many youngster who are thinking, â€Å"my big brother (or father) looks really nice today. I wish I could dress like that†. This is where our â€Å"problem† comes in. If Express for Men were to come out with a store for younger males, then they would have a place to go to get the same clothing their â€Å"men tors† look upon. Express for Men has already had a g... Free Essays on Retailing Free Essays on Retailing What we have isn’t really a serious â€Å"problem† to the company; rather, it may be an opportunity waiting to happen. Express for Men is doing fine with the work, effort, marketing, and strategic planning they’ve done, but there may be a chance to expand its target market. Like its family store, Limited, they were very successful in what they did for women’s clothing. Following that success what they did was create a way for those similar clothes to be worn by younger women, specifically ages 7-14. So what we are thinking as our â€Å"problem† is that Express for Men doesn’t have a store to fit the younger male. This may be because of two reasons: they basically just started converting Structure stores across the U.S. to Express for Men and haven’t thought about the idea yet, or they don’t see there to be a profitable market. But take this into consideration. Big brothers, athletes, heroes, and fathers are all looked upon by th eir younger generations, big brothers especially. Now coming from experience, I can say that my little brother always wanted to wear clothes that I did. At that point in my life I was like, â€Å"whatever, leave me alone†. But nowadays, this can be used to retailers advantage. Both men and teenage guys are more interested in the style of clothing. So for example, these guys shop for clothing at Express for Men because they want to look good, and feel comfortable (which is the feeling I get when I wear their clothing). So now we have a market of men running around in Express clothing living their daily lives, when in actually, they’re being lookup by many youngster who are thinking, â€Å"my big brother (or father) looks really nice today. I wish I could dress like that†. This is where our â€Å"problem† comes in. If Express for Men were to come out with a store for younger males, then they would have a place to go to get the same clothing their â€Å"men tors† look upon. Express for Men has already had a g...

Definition and Examples of Diazeugma

Definition and Examples of Diazeugma Diazeugma is a  rhetorical term for a sentence construction in which a single subject is accompanied by multiple verbs. Also called  the play-by-play or multiple yoking. The verbs in a diazeugma are usually arranged in a parallel series. Brett Zimmerman points out that diazeugma is an effective way to emphasize action and to help ensure a swift pace to the narrativea sense of many things happening, and quickly (Edgar Allan Poe: Rhetoric and Style, 2005). Etymology From the Greek, disjoining Examples and Observations The seven of us discussed, argued, tried, failed, tried again.(Patrick Rothfuss,  The Wise Mans Fear. DAW, 2011)Swallows dart, dip, dive, swiftly pluck perching insects from slow-moving current.(Robert Watts Handy, River Raft Pack of Weeping Water Flat. Writers Showcase, 2001)Reality demands that you look at the present, and doesnt have time for illusion. Reality lives, loves, laughs, cries, shouts, gets angry, bleeds, and dies, sometimes all in the same instant.(Allen Martin Bair, The Rambles of a Wandering Priest. WestBow Press, 2011Immigrants contribute economically, politically and culturally to American society in the same way native-born Americans do: they go to work or school, raise their children, pay taxes, serve in the military, hold public office, volunteer in the community, and so on.(Kimberley Hicks, How to Communicate With Your Spanish Asian Employees. Atlantic Publishing, 2004) The Play-by-Play Figure Another figure of speech makes one noun serve a cluster of verbs. Hockey announcers use this figure, multiple yoking, when they do play-by-play:Announcer: Labombier takes the puck, gets it past two defenders, shoots . . . misses . . . shoots again, goal!Multiple yoking, the play-by-play figure. Formal name: diazeugma.(Jay Heinrichs, Thank You for Arguing: What Aristotle, Lincoln, and Homer Simpson Can Teach Us About the Art of Persuasion. Three Rivers Press, 2007)Used to and would are good for long series of verbs:On weekdays he used to/would get up, make the breakfast, do the washing-up, pack his sandwiches, put the bins out, say goodbye to his wife and go to work.(Paul Lambotte, Harry Campbell, and John Potter, Aspects of Modern English Usage for Advanced Students. De Boeck Supà ©rieur, 1998 Shakespeares Use of Diazeugma My lord, we haveStood here observing him: Some strange commotionIs in his brain: he bites his lip, and starts;Stops on a sudden, looks upon the ground,Then, lays his finger on his temple; straight,Springs out into fast gait; then, stops again,Strikes his breast hard; and anon, he castsHis eye against the moon: in most strange posturesWe have seen him set himself.(Norfolk in William Shakespeares Henry VIII, Act Three, scene 2 Whitmans Use of Diazeugma As to me I know of nothing else but miracles,Whether I walk the streets of Manhattan,Or dart my sight over the roofs of houses toward the sky,Or wade with naked feet along the beach just in the edge of the water,Or stand under trees in the woods,Or talk by day with any one I love, or sleep in the bed at night with any one I love,Or sit at table at dinner with the rest,Or look at strangers opposite me riding in the car,Or watch honey-bees busy around the hive of a summer forenoon . . ..(Walt Whitman, Miracles) Pronunciation die-ah-ZOOG-muh

Ways of knowing are a check on our instinctive judgments. To what Essay

Ways of knowing are a check on our instinctive judgments. To what extent do you agree with this statement - Essay Example Next, a discussion of intuition as a way of knowing will discussed followed by a discussion of how the other ways of knowing reinforce and control our instinctive judgment; that it, their benefits as well as their flaws in shaping instinctive judgment. These will be discussed through their application in the various areas of knowledge. By the end of the essay, I hope to conclude that ways of knowing are a check on our instinctive judgments. The first word that needs explaining is â€Å"instinctive.† Going by the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), the word instinctive is derived from â€Å"instinct† and refers to â€Å"natural tendency for people and animals to behave in a particular way using the knowledge and abilities they were born with rather than thought or training.†2 One may have an instinct for fear, business or anything else. It is also a feeling that makes one do or believe that something is true, even though it is not based on facts or reason; in other words, intuition. In this case, instinctive judgment is equated to intuition. What we get from this definition is that one judges something without having to reason or give facts; it is a strong feeling that something is going to happen but we cannot be able to explain why. For example, women do have maternal instincts such that when something is going to happen to their child, they know it before hand or they can feel it but cannot explain what exactly is going to happen. Another case is when one is about to have an accident such as plane crash; one can feel it or there is a strong inner voice which tells you something bad is going to happen and you can act based on this instinct. As such, it is a way of knowing and justifying that knowledge even if it is not through conscious reasoning. If that something does happen, then we can prove our instincts right. In this sense, other ways of knowing such as reasoning act as verifiers to what we already know. This

Knowledge of American Historysocialcultural, economic, literary, Essay

Knowledge of American Historysocialcultural, economic, literary, political, and religious changes that have occurred in American History over the time periods 18651992 - Essay Example These well-intentioned ideals would evolve into hate groups, whose mission was to control elected offices through the intimidation of voters and election fraud.built on violence. Taking the law into their own hands, they pledged to protect their property, life, and well-being in the face of inadequate government institutions and a legal system that they viewed as hostile. Groups, such as the KKK, would soon succumb to a power hungry leadership that was driven by ethnic fanaticism and racial hatred. Their priority would soon shift from regulating the social order to white supremacy. Since the Civil War, white supremacists and their organizations have openly denied constitutional rights to minority citizens, instilled fear, and advocated extreme violence, and now occupy legitimate positions within the highest ranks of the American political and social system. The KKK emerged after the Civil War as the most powerful, and well organized, white supremacist group of that era. Confederate soldiers, returning home from the war, were driven into a prolonged period of forced inactivity. Lacking capital for agriculture, and denied participation in business or the professions, a group of young men formed the KKK in Pulaski Tennessee in June 1866 as a social group to share ideas and promote their local economy (Wilson & Lester, 1884, p399). The KKK spread quickly throughout the South with an escalating membership that was propelled by bitter feelings of swelling resentment towards the freed slaves that lingered after the war's end. Using intimidation and violence, the KKK's primary goal was to control political offices in the South by preventing African-Americans and their sympathizers from expressing their recently acquired constitutional right to vote. The KKK was infamous for its 'Midnight Rides', in which they would ride through the countryside , masked, and violently attack their opposition with beatings, arson, and lynchings. Their membership and ritual were highly secretive, which not only added to their mystique and fear, but also gave them an additional layer of protection from public scrutiny (Wilson & Lester, 1884, p.400). Though membership lists were not kept, and few official records were maintained, it is estimated that by the 1920s Klansmen and their sympathizers numbered in the millions (McClymer, 2001). The power of the KKK's membership fueled the racial discord of the 1920s and made it possible to elect KKK candidates to some of the highest political offices in the country. The peak membership of the 1920s would dissipate as the KKK, and other white power groups, experienced a steady decline in membership due to social pressures and public perceptions. The KKK suffered a series of financial setbacks, such as a federal tax judgement that prohibited them from forming a national chapter, and lawsuits that deprived the national KKK from the right to own property. Over time, the members migrated to approximately 300 different organizations, which have 25,000 hard-core ideological activists that support the white supremacist movement (Carlie, 2002).1 These organizations have tended to act less violently, though they have continued to preach an agenda that includes violent revolution. This accompanies a conflicting philosophy that includes biblical scripture and Christian

CORPORATE OWNERSHIP, GOALS, and GOVERNANCE Research Paper

CORPORATE OWNERSHIP, GOALS, and GOVERNANCE - Research Paper Example Blair looks at the rights of owners and concludes that shareholders do not have sufficient rights to be called the corporate owners. The article details the rights that owners have such as the right to acquire and dispose off assets and a right to get profits generated by the asset and its sale. The article claims that shareholders do not possess all these rights instead it is distributed to various stakeholders. The article argues that since these rights are not possessed by shareholders, it cannot be said that they are the owners of companies. The author also says that calling shareholders the owners of companies cannot guarantee them the rights of owners. However, the author in conclusion advocates for not distributing these rights because they may discourage investment. The distribution of rights between the shareholders and managers is also discussed. The shareholders, given that they contribute capital, have a right to elect the directors. Directors are the ones who make invest ment decisions on behalf of the shareholders. The shareholders do not possess the ultimate right to control the decision making of managers. The author says that this is because in large corporations the shareholders may be so many that even the managers may not know some of them. Shareholders also have limited liability and so cannot be responsible for the debts of firms. This author says this denies them the ultimate right to say that they are the owners of the firms. To support his argument, the author looks at how corporations create wealth. She says that wealth creation in a firm is not just because of the share capital of shareholders, but other stakeholders such as customers, employees and suppliers also make special investment contributions that are important to the company. The authors say that all stakeholders in the firm are investors. She gives an example of employees who dedicate their time and human resource to serve the firm. Even though they are compensated, they nee d to be recognized in the ownership of the firm. In conclusion the article discourages the view of looking at ownership of firms in terms of assets invested. It argues that the employees also create wealth for firms and their contribution must be respected. The article puts up a strong defense for inclusion of other parties, especially the employees in the ownership of firms. This view is good, but it fails to state what level of ownership can these stakeholders posses. Inclusion of employees as owners of firms just by virtue that they help in wealth creation would present a complex scenario in the ownership and management of firms. The only recommendation would be that the employees should be encouraged to buy shares in the firm so that they can be part of owners. â€Å"Corporate Ownership and Governance† by Connelly Brian et al The aim of this article is to demonstrate that corporate governance is not a reserve of the board of directors but also owners participate in the go vernance of firms. They do this by looking at the different forms of corporate ownership and how they influence decision making in the firm. They divide this in two categories, outside ownership and inside ownership. Inside Ownership This is when stock is held by the insiders. These insiders tend to make decisions that favor the

Pest Analysis Of The Bae Company Finance Essay

Pest Analysis Of The Bae Company Finance Essay This article want to analysis the five-year of financial data which from 2004 to 2008 of BAE ,in order to understand the companys business profitability and development capacity and found the further possibility to enhance the utilization efficiency of it ,so that to promote the investment activities of the enterprises business goal of maximizing value in accordance with a benign operation. Instruction BAE Systems is the merger of British Aerospace (BAE) and Marconi Electronic Systems (Marconi Electronic Systems) which was established in November 1999. In September 2004 BAE Systems acquired Alvis Vickers and merged it with its RO Defence ordnance division to form BAE Systems Land Systems.In June 2005 BAE Systems acquired United Defense and reorganised its land systems businesses into BAE Systems Land and Armaments, with Land Systems and Land Systems Hà ¤gglunds as subsidiaries of this U.S. based operating group. It is an international company engaged in the development,delivery and support of advanced defence and aerospace systems in the air,on land,at sea and in space. In 1999 the net sales of the company was 89.29 billion pounds (14.449 billion U.S. dollars)of which military sales was 5.837billion pounds. In 2000, it becamed the third of the worlds 100 largest military companies. Now, the company employed more than 100,000, and annual turnover of the company is 12.3 billion pounds and orders amounted to 37.5 billion pounds. PEST analysis of the BAE company 1.Politics. BAE Systems is a global company which conducts business in a number of regions, including the Middle East.Sales market over more than 130 countries, this brought great opportunities to the company. However,Government regulations and administrative policies of some countries could change quickly and restraints on the movement of capital could be imposed; governments could expropriate the Groups assets; burdensome taxes or tariffs could be introduced; political changes could lead to changes in the business environment in which the Group operates; and economic downturns, political instability and civil disturbances could disrupt the Groups business activities. New threats and conflict arenas are placing unprecedented demands on military forces and presenting BAE Systems with new challenges and opportunities to assist those forces in meeting changing defence and security needs.( Susana Callao,2007) 2.Economic and Society Global passenger traffic is forecast to increase by approximately 5% per year. Strong growth is expected in Asia and the Middle East and lower growth in the more mature North American and European markets. The market for large commercial jets is forecast to continue to grow on the back of rising passenger travel. Annual revenue passenger kilometres (RPKs) are forecast to grow by approximately 5% through to 2023 creating an expected average demand of some 830 aircraft deliveries a year. The US represents over 45% of the total forecast global defence spend (including equipment, personnel and operating costs) to 2010. Defense and transport development brings a huge market demand for the BAE. 3.Technology BAE Systems has played an important role in transatlantic,most notably has advanced technology in the M777 howitzer and F-35 Joint Strike Fighter programmes. The US and the UK have a long history of defence industrial cooperation that has provided significant benefits to both countries.In todays environment of coalition operations it would be the advantage of both governments and defence industries to allow and,indeed, to encourage freer technology sharing between the UK and the US. For BAE Systems an improved technology sharing environment would enable its engineers and scientists in the US and the UK to collaborate more effectively,and bring together their collective skills and expertise to the benefit of its two major customers, the UK and US governments,as well as to its shareholders. Review and anlaysis of company stratey 1.Pricing policiys. BAE companys major pricing policy is before business sales occure sign fixed price contracts with clients. Large part of the companys sales come from fixed-price contract. Because the companys largest partner is the United States, the U.S. team a great need for defense products, so the business mainly occure in sectors such as government troops, using a fixed-price sales contracts to ensure fixed sales and also to simplify transactions. 2.Market position.BAE Systems has major operations across five continents and customers in some 130 countries. Global businessof the company is based around six home markets in US, Saudi Arabia Australia, Sweden ,South Africa, and the UK. It is the worlds second-largest defense company and the third-largest Airlines defense and also the third-largest electronics Airlines. 3.Comparison with that of its competitors. The Groups business is subject to Significant competition. Most of the Groups businesses are focused on the defence industry and subject to competition from national and multi-national arms with substantial resources and capital, and many contracts are obtained through a competitive bidding process.( Tim Sutton,2004)The Groups ability to compete for contracts depends to a large extent on the effectiveness and innovation of its research and development programmes, its ability to offer better programme performance than its competitors at a lower cost to its customers, and the readiness of its facilities, equipment and personnel to undertake the programmes for which it competes. 4.Development Strategy of BAE Systems BAE Systems is a large international companies who has the responsibilities to its clients shareholders, employees and partners.Its strategy goal is to maximize the interests of shareholders. In order to achieve the companys strategic goals, the Board promotes to enhance the companys culture atmosphere and establish Operational Framework. .That is based on principles of good governance, aset of definitions, values, policies and processes that guide the companys work and behaviour, and a uesful system of delegated authority(David Tyrrall,2007). In order to realise the management of the companys business and deliver their strategy,the Operational Framework covers all wholly andmajority-owned businesses and describes the Groups mehods to its organisation, culture which including ethical principles of business conduct, values and governance framework vision, delegated authorities , and corebusiness processes. Financial Analysis for BAE Systems Industry Analysis In the global aerospace and defense industries Europe accounts for 19.6% of the global markets value. In 2004 the European aerospace and defense market grew by 0.9% which reached a value of $249.9 billion. The civil aerospace sector generated the second largest revenues in 2004, reaching a value of $62.3 billion, equivalent to 24.9% of the markets value.In the next five years, it is expected to be greatly growth. By 2009, the market is forecast to reach a value of $278.2 billion, which equates to a CAGR of 2.2% in the 2004-2009 period, higher than the global market as a whole. However, Asia-Pacific will see spending rise by 4% per annum while the US market is predicted to decline with a 0.6% rate over the same period.During thie time the third biggest aerospace and defense company it will also play an increasingly important role in operation and management in the future. BAE Systems recorded revenues of $20 billion during the fiscal year 2005, an increase of 25% over 2004. The operating profit of the company was $1.6 billion during fiscal year 2005, an increase of 16.3% over 2004. The net profit was $1 billion in fiscal year 2005, compared to a net profit of $5.5 million in fiscal 2004.Rolls Royce is the leading player in the global civil aerospace, defense aerospace, marine and energy markets. Compared to BAE systemss business performance, Rolls Royce company recorded revenues of $7.4 billion during the fiscal year 2005, an increase of 5.2% over 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in revenues from the companys civil aerospace division. The operating profit of the company during fiscal 2005 was $397.5 million, an increase of 43.5% over fiscal 2004. The European aerospace and defense market generated total revenues of $234.9 billion in 2005, this representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.3% for the five-year period spanning 2002-2006. The US and Asia-Pacific markets grew over the same period with CAGRs of 6.7% and 3.4% respectively, to reach the values of $502.6 billion and $157.2 billion in 2006. BAE systems occupies an important position in the industry. In the whole industry it can realized its business very well. The following financial analysis is to analyze 2004 to 2008, the specific circumstances of these years. Here collect the relevant data of the BAE for five years. These data which is important can best reflects the companys operation. The preparation of data sheets is as follow. The following analysis mairly use dynamic ratio of fixed base method and ues the data of 2004 as a fixed base period to analyze the indicators. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Five-year summary Income statement à ®- ³ à ®- ³ à ®- ³ à ®- ³ à ®- ³ 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 Sales including Groups share of equity accounted investments 4,459 3,916 4,007 3,697 3,063 Electronics,IntelligenceSuppo rLandArmaments 6,407 3,538 2,115 1,270 482 Programmes Support 4,638 5,327 4,615 4,660 International 3,333 3,359 3,428 3,138 Programmes 2219 Customer Solutions Support 2,856 Integrated Systems Partnerships 2,022 HQ Other Businesses 235 243 295 471 464 Intra-operating group sales (529) (673) (695) (655) (417) 18,543 15,710 13,765 12,581 10,689 Underlying EBITA6 (restated) Electronics, Intelligence Support 506 437 429 324 256 Land Armaments 566 324 168 86 (8) Programmes Support 491 456 331 261 International 35 435 412 403 Programmes 10 Customer Solutions Support 497 Integrated Systems Partnerships 95 HQ Other Businesses (101) (203) (146) (117) (50) 1,897 1,449 1,194 957 800 Profit/(loss) on disposal of businesses 238 40 13 (4) Uplift on acquired inventories (12) (44) EBITA5 2,135 1,477 1,207 909 800 Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets (424) (297) (139) (122) (110) Finance costs including share of equity accounted investments 697 93 (174) (196) (132) Profit before taxation 2,408 1,273 894 591 558 Taxation expense including shar e of equity accounted investments (640) (373) (248) (147) (219) Profit for the year from continuing operations 1,768 900 646 444 339 Profit/(loss) for the year from discontinued operations 22 993 111 (336) Profit for the year 1,768 922 1,639 555 3 Balance sheet Intangible assets 12,306 9,559 7,595 8,217 6,115 Property, plant and equipment, and investment property 2,558 1,887 1,869 1,922 1,901 Non-current investments 1,040 787 678 1,730 1,535 Inventories 926 701 395 485 498 Payables (excluding cash on customers account) less receivables (5,866) (5,373) (4,298) (4,596) (3,891) Other financial assets and liabilities 240 52 6 (7) Retirement benefit obligations (3,365) (1,629) (2,499) (4,101) (3,210) Provisions ( 845) (809) (695) (718) (491) Net tax 256 63 648 1,012 876 Net cash/(debt) 39 700 435 (1,277) (668) Disposal groups held for sale 64 137 Minority interests (55) (36) (17) (16) (10) Total equity attributable to equity holders of the parent 7,234 5,966 4,117 2,788 2,655 Financial statement and cash flow analysis, After the 2003 recession, Europes aerospace industry will experience a steady growth phase. As prediction, there will be a 3.9% annually growth, which is also reflected in BAE Systems financial report after 2004. Profitability Analysis Profitability mainly in Revenues ,Sales, Operating profit, Order book, Return on sales, Net cash, and Cash inflow from operating activitie. The company recorded revenues of $20 billion during the fiscal year ended December 2005, an increase of 25% over 2004. The operating profit of the company was $1.6 billion during fiscal year 2005, an increase of 16.3% over 2004. The net profit was $1 billion in fiscal year 2005, compared to a net profit of $5.5 million in fiscal 2004.And for the company Europe Aerospace Defense in 2005 it generated revenues of $42.5 billion, an increase of 7.7% on the previous year. The European aerospace defense market generated total revenues of $184.3 billion in 2008, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9% for the period spanning 2004-2008. However the BAE system has higher the average. Sales represents the amounts derived from the provision of goods and services, and includes the Groups share of sales of its equity accounted investments. Compared with 2004,the sales of BAE increased by 14.2% in 2005,2.1%in 2006,16.4% in 2007 and 37.6% in 2008. Overall,BAEs sales revenue is in a increase trend. Starting in 2006, a significant increase had been showed and compared with 2007 the sales of 2008 increased by 18%.he significant increase in sales in 2008 has primarily been caused by the Land Armaments operating group due to high armoured wheeled vehicle volumes in the US and full- year impact of the Armor acquisition. This shows that BAEs products have strong market potential. Operating profit.Operating profit is a indicatore to measure of business efficiency. BAE Systems recorded revenues of 16,671 million in the financial year 2008 which is an increase of 16.5% over 2007. For the 2008, the US which is the companys largest geographic market, accounted for 56.4% of the total revenues. Operating profit in 2008 is 2.2 times of 2004,in 2007 it increased 52.1%,from  ¿Ã‚ ¡774m in 2004 to  ¿Ã‚ ¡1177m. Operating profit is showing the trend of rising year by year reflects a good profitability of BAEs business. There is a very good market prospects of the enterprise. Inventory turnover.Decline in inventory turnover .However, when compared with the same industry Boeing it is still very high. Accounts receivable turnover in 2005 and 2006 was lower than that in the other early years. However, in 2007 and 2008, BAEs accounts receivable turnovera increased substantially ¼Ã…’Total asset turnover ratio is relatively stable, but slightly higher than the industry standard. Order book.Order book reflect the popularity of the product, it also shows the potential of products in the market.However, the number of orders can not be a comprehensive response to the operating performance of companies.Between 2005 and 2004,the order book was increasing ,while in 2006 the book order was only 31.7 bn ,reduced almost by 37%.then there was a recover and in 2008 the order book was 46.5bn although it was still less than 2004. Reduction in order book illustrates the business sales market in the shrinking.Reduction in main business volume, indicating that the development of enterprises might have gone wrong strategy. Return on sales.From the table it can be seen that the return on sales is increasing year by year , But the order is indeed the in reduction.The Prorfit for the year in 2006 is very high however the cash inflow from operating activities in this year was the lest. It may be there is something can not be reflect in the financial report, the other businesses increasing cause income to increase,so it is not be reflect in the financial report which is about the return on sales. Cash inflow from operating activitie.Cash inflow from operating activities is used to determine the the actual gap between companys operating cash flow and financial reporting operating income or net income. (Hans,2007) . From the table that the operating business cash flow show a downward trend during the five years.That is to say compared with 2004 the cash inflow from operating activities reduced by 10.7% in 2005, 61.1%,in 2006, 8% in 2007, 14.5%, in 2008.The 2008 reduction in operating business cash flow largely reflects utilisation of Saudi Typhoon advances received in 2007 and an agreed repayment to the UK Ministry of Defence in respect of the Astute programme.However, it reflacted there is something wrong with the companys cash flow. Net cash. The cash flow was  ¿Ã‚ ¡700m in 2006,however, in 2007 it reduced by 28% and becomed to  ¿Ã‚ ¡435m,even worse in 2008, it is only  ¿Ã‚ ¡39m. In 2008, 83.43% of the cash flow ratio is too high compared to the same industry. Capital utilization rate is low, so a decline in cash flow to investors is a positive message. And in 2008 29.65 percent of the cash-flow ratio compared to the industry is relatively high. The company Europe Aerospace Defense recorded a net cash of $2.1 billion up 40% in an average . The reduction of the net cash flow shows that there is some problem in the cash inflow of the company,it may have a bad effect on the operating and develpoment of BAE. However overall level still very high for the company . Solvency analysis. Overall there is a very strong solvency.In particular, in year 2005 and 2006, current ratio were more than 2 ¼Ã…’quick ratio exceeds 1.But it is also the performance of the low efficiency of fund utilizationà £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Although the 2007 and 2008, the flow rate and the liquid have declined more .But does not affect the solvency ¼Ã…’and the increased utilization of funds. Assets is responsible for rising rates, leading to long-term solvency has been reduced low ¼Ã…’But the asset-liability ratio does not exceed 50% ,the long-term solvency remains strong. Analysis of share price performance Comments on company management/board of directors and the stock market The Board promotes a common culture and identity through the Operational Framework. It sets out the way we do business and what it means to be part of the Group. It is the Groups framework for a sound system of internal controls. All employees are required to comply with the Operational Framework in their business conduct. The BAE Companys TSR (share price growth plus dividends) ranking relative to a comparator group of 18 other international defence and aerospace companies such as Boein,General Dynamics,Raytheon ,Cobham,Dassault Aviation,EADS,Embraer PN,Finmeccanica and so on.. None of the shares vest if the Companys TSR is outside the top 50% of TSRs achieved by the sectoral comparator group and 100% vest if it is in the top quintile (ie top 20%) as set out below(Herve,2006) Rationale for performance measures: importance to major investors as an indication of both earnings and capital growth relative to other major companies in the same sector and to ensure that awards only vest if there has been a clear improvement in the Companys performance over the relevant period. EBITA . EBITA refers to a companys income before the deduction of interest, tax and amortization expenses. It is also consistent with the profi t measure which is used by BAE to analysis internal performance and as a measure of operating profitability that is comparable over time.à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Underlying EBITA increased 86.7% in 2008 which reaches to  ¿Ã‚ ¡1,897m compared with 2004,and 31% compared witn 2007.according to the calculation ,compared with 2004, EBITA increased 45.4% in 2007,18.8% in 2006 and 16.3% in 2005. Underlying EBITA during the five years is increasing growth all the time . View of the circumstances from the BAE, there is a very good return on investment .That is very likely to achieve value and hedging to buy its stock. Underlying earnings per share. From the table it can be seen that Underlying EPS is 37.1p in 2008 which increases 23% compared with last year.And there is a 28.1% increase in 2007, 30.6% in 2006,29.3% in 2005.All these increase are compared with the year brfore. Companies and the stock market do not like fluctuating EPSs. In the past BAE EPS growth rate 35.25% ¼Ã…’growth potential is still very good and EPS Stability is very good too.Companies operate is stable and reasonable. The Underlying earnings per share of BAE does not fluctuate badly,so it is good for its sharehooders.And Underlying EPS continue to rise mainly reflecting higher underlying EBITA of the BAE. BAE as an aviation industry leader ¼Ã…’in the 2004-2008 years, the companys revenue and profit growth.From 2006 to 2008 BAEs profitability continued to rise.In particular, rising faster in 2008. Recommendation to investors Based on the above analysis,it can be seen the companys operating capacity is very light, and development prospects is very good,its position in the industry is also high. The company will continue to develop, and will continue to grow. With the recovery in economic development, the companys operations development will gradually resume, which will cause the Companys stock price rebound. Therefore, the long-term investors can look up a little,and continue to hold its shares, to realise the purpose of increasing the value of their money. For short-term investors they will have to stage development according to the company, select the appropriate strategy to achieve their own purposes. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Weaknesses BAE achieved with many business acquations, and establish friendly and long-term relationship with the United Kingdom and other countries, through the merger, the companys growth has been greatly improved. Diversified business The company has advanced technical level. Strong growth in revenue and profits Relatively low employee productivity Unfunded employee post retirement benefits Sluggish performance in key segments Fixed-price contracts risk The Group is exposed to risks inherent in operating in a global market. The Group is involved in consortia, joint ventures and equity holdings where it does not have control. Opportunities Threats With the intensification of regional conflicts more demand for defense products is also increasing, thus creating a large demand for the companys products, especially the United States, defense products demand is very huge. Huge international market and the demand for defense products offers great opportunities for BAEs development. Growth in global aerospace and defense Intense competition High dependence on government contracts Recommendations Minimize the fixed-price contract and control the initiative rests in its own hands.At the same time to manage contract-related risks andà £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬uncertainties, contracts are managed through theà £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬application of the Lifecycle Management (LCM)à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬business process mandated by the Groups Operationalà £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬Framework at the operational level ¼Ã… ½(Flower,1998) The Group has formal systems and policies in place which are mandated under the Groups Operational Framework to ensure adherence to regulatory requirements and to identify any restrictions that could adversely impact the Groups future activities. The Group has formal systems and procedures in place to monitor the performance of such business arrangements and identify and manage any adverse scenario arising. In order to protect itself against currency uctuations, the Groups policy is to hedge all materialrm transactional exposures, unless otherwise approved as an exception by the Treasury Review Management Committee, as well as to manage anticipated economic cash ow exposures over the medium term. Conclusion BAE in a leading position in the aviation industry .Both operating profit margin or asset turnover ratio is higher than the level of the same industry.However, compared with other companies in the industry, the use of financial leverage is not very good, capital utilization rate is not high. From the above there is still great room for BAE development.The future development considerations from the following two ¼Ã… ¡One is to raise operating margin ¼Ã…’Second, make full use of financial leverage effect,because of its financial leverage below the level of the same industry. The most important thing for the company is upgrading in innovation and technological.Encourage the development of a new ideology ¼Ã…’new technologies and new ways of working and bring them with a lasting competitive edge. And for the investors, because in the past BAE EPS growth rate 35.25% ¼Ã…’growth potential is still very good and EPS Stability is very good too,so they can buy stocks of the company at present time.( David Tyrrall,2007)Under the financial Crisis, government purchases declined, but as the recovery of the financial environment the companys business will increase, operating profits will increase substantially.Therefore, with the improvement of operating conditions the stock price will be in a good direction.

Big Business and The Robber Barons Essay -- Corporate America Consumer

The decades after the Civil War rapidly changed the face of the United States. The rapid industrialization of the nation changed us from generally agrarian to the top industrial power in the world. Business tycoons thrived during this time, forging great business empires with the use of trusts and pools. Farmers moved to the cities and into the factories, living off wages and changing the face of the workforce. This rapid industrialization created wide gaps in society, and the government, which had originally taken a hands off approach to business, was forced to step in. Many individuals took advantage of the rapid industrialization and high influx of cheap labor in the form of immigrants. Among these entrepreneurs were John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, Cornelius Vanderbilt, and George Pullman. Each made a name for themselves by forging their own corporate empire. Rockefeller was an industrialist and philanthropist who made his fortune by founding the Standard Oil Company in 1870. Attempting to monopolize the industry and squeeze out the middle man, Rockefeller slowly gained almost complete control of the oil industry. He formed the powerful Standard Oil Trust in 1882, which united all of his companies and secured 95% of oil production in the United States for himself. Rockefeller was an industrialist who stamped out all of his competition with his trust, eventually leading to Congress intervention. Andrew Carnegie found his fortune in steel. Arriving in America in 1848, he quickly made his way up society’s ladder and in 1870 founded the Carnegie Steel Company in Pittsburgh. Carnegie was opposed to monopolistic practices, but succeeded in eliminating the middle man. He pioneered the tactic of â€Å"vertical integration†... ...elped to widen the rift between rich and poor. Farmers, who were once self-employed, were rapidly becoming factory workers. In 1860 half the nation was self-employed, but by 1900 two-thirds were dependent on wages. This trend caused the rapid urbanization of America, which brought out some issues. Wages were rising, so it was good to be working, but with dependent wages the workers we’re susceptible to economic downturns. The workplace also became much less personable as people began to move to factory jobs. New machines would often displace workers, and individual workers had little power to fight for their rights against the industries. There was always a fear of unemployment, and reformers struggled to protect wages and have provisions for temporary unemployment. As more people moved to the cities and the corporations grew, social rifts became larger and larger.

Gender Roles: The Building Blocks of American Society Essay

Ever since I could remember most of what I learned about being a male came from a series of components, majority include my parents, family, television, school, toys, the media, and peers. Gender expectations were embedded within me by society and I had no clue of what was happening. When I was young it was expected of me to play with toys that suited males i.e. batman, spiderman, superman, watch television shows that encompassed male behavior, I even had to perpetuate dominance over my male counterparts as a means of sustaining my masculinity. This was all taught to me by the constructs of masculinity developed by society. I can recall many instances in which my stepfather would punish me if I stayed inside on on Saturday/Sunday mornings because in his time period, boys were expected to be outside performing manual labor while the woman were expected to cook and clean. It is the roles of American society that have plagued the notion of dominant and subordinate gender roles of male a nd female. I learned to perpetuate masculinity without even understanding what masculinity or femininity even meant, it was taught to me as a natural way of being, something that I never questioned because I simply thought it was the correct way of living, and even though it did not quite make sense to act tough or to act male, I still followed everything I was taught. All my life I acted the way I was expected to act, as a Hispanic male, I had to stay within the confines of my ethnicity and gender. Males where not expected to be emotional or to have feelings. Within a family that honors male dominance and power that males can perpetuate, none of my uncles show any signs of weakness or vulnerability, as it is taboo for the men in my family to show any sign of softness. I however, always had problems with living my life in  this order and having to perpetuate male behavior. I can recall one instance where I wrapped my hair in a towel after a shower because I saw my mother always doing it and I wanted to as well, it was not until my mom caught me, when she instantly put me in place and told me to never do that again. She specified that if my dad witnessed what I had done I would never see the light of day. Ever since I could remember, the ways in which I performed my gender role was not necessarily performed the way society constructed it. I never performed what was expected of me, most of the time I would sit on the side of my house crying after being yelled at by my stepfather for not being boyish enough for him. I always had my mind on being who I thought I should be i.e. free and able to explore as I wanted, and not what people told me to be. All my life, I have witnessed male family members and their inability to console or give proper advice to anyone because there was always an ego bias due to their lack of feeling and emotion. My father is a prime example, no matter what he discussed with me as a child it always related to male dominance and woman subordination and the idea of the other. I come from a family with ego gratification issues, most of my uncles including my father suffer from perpetuating masculinity and male dominance, and they thrive off of not showing an ounce of weakness or vulnerability. Within the confines of my family it is actually frowned upon to express feeling or even express care of love towards anyone, it is a sad fact, but it is the learned male dominant/ female subordinate roles that have convoluted American society to act in this specific manner. Nonetheless, it is a sad feat of American life. If I suddenly woke and I was female my life would change dramatically, the result would impact my whole center of being substantially. Not only would the mechanics of my body entirely change, my entire conception of self would as well. I could no longer go to the bathroom the same, use masculinity as a crutch to get ahead in society, my entire notion of self and the makeup of who I am as a person, and as a dramaturgical actor would be in chaos. The building blocks that I was founded upon would completely rearrange, everything I have learned my whole life would be flipped. I would no longer see myself in the same light, as I now have to relearn what it means to begin living a life that I have no real first hand experience within. My entire life revolves around my conception of myself as a male, my  educational level, my acquired dominance in society from just being a male, my role as a man, and my privilege in society. This change would alter my conception of what it means to be a human entirely. As our entire lives are shaped by gender expectations and societies ideas of what it means to be a male and female. It would be a tough change nonetheless. My gender performance would have to be re-built from the ground up. I would have to learn to act like a female, to make my way in the world as a female, I would lose certain privileges that come along with being male such as job opportunities, respect, power, and would have to completely relearn gender roles within a female body. For some, this would be the worst possible outcome that could ever happen to a male, not only because of everything that comes along with being a male, but also everything that comes along with being a female. Females are stigmatized for their femininity, their roles as woman in society, their sexual partners, the clothes that they wear, the way that they look, there are so many things that woman have to deal with that many men simply do not understand. This would be an eye opener, everything I have learned and got away with, as a male such as freely exploring my manhood and eating disgustingly, would be redefined. In society woman are held to the highest degree of observance and are forced to stay within the lines of femininity. Everywhere you look, on billboards, magazine covers, newspapers, and tabloids there is the romanticized version of what it means to be a woman and the standard that they are held up to is simply unreachable. No one can measure up to societies standard of what it means to be a woman, they are constantly broken down and told they are not pretty, they are not desirable, they are not what they should be, they are promiscuous, and if a guy does the same things he is not scrutinized for his actions. My entire life as a woman would be a new understanding, an entire new journey and experience. Learning what it means to be stigmatized and talked down upon if I decided to be who I was as a man, but as a woman. I woul d no longer be able to shove food down my throat, act vulgar, run around with my shirt off, jog around at nighttime because of the fear of being raped, or abducted. It would totally reshape everything I was taught and defined as in society. Even though acting masculine or acting feminine is a social construct, it has consumed me everyday, I have always filled that masculine role that society has brought me up within and even though  everything about myself is wrapped up within my gender specific role as a Hispanic male, becoming a female would totally change my gender experience. I would be reborn, forced to learn everything about myself as a female, and what it means to be a female and act like a female in society. Nonetheless, it would completely reshape my views and ideas about gender.

Garrett Morgan

Seems like the flowers blossom and the skies full of joy, Garrett, oh young Garrett, are you also full of joy? Born in downtown, hated by rotten white neighbors, Who in his young mind would color in corps? He walked in the path of color, Did not taste a new kind of flavor, Wrapped in a slim black coat, Seems like living in a moat. You are like an ant, traveling in many ways, Guided not by the contours of the great minds, But the sting of a many a scorpions’ tongues, Such a scorpion is a man, lying in another man’s arms.He speaks of books, but could not fathom such, He tells of nails and numbers, but hunger enters, How long will his pain matters, So long as the heart beats and beaten. Now comes a group of his mates, Black birds flying in white rotten sky, How long shall they remain in their smile shy? The fruits of mouth are very sharp. Now Garrett is turned into a dove, Putting white color in his black skin hove, He remarks, â€Å"I will be in their hove. † But f rustrated as he is, failed and shoved. Crying and heaving heart feelings, He trembles in distaste hangings,Came a man of fancy bringing, Offers him a bead of woven linen. Alas, I came to save you from the bondages of your own misery! The tunnels are empty and danger woven, I bring light to thee, I act on the premise of my wrath, I tremble on the problems of others’ hat, I smile on the mask’s facade, The gas saves and saving. The roads are jammed and blurry, But I bring order and merry. At last, I’m in the annals of history. This poem is generally about a poor black boy (Garrett Morgan- child of former slaves) who wanted to become a member of the white society.Born into a poor family, he strove hard to be accepted by the society. Because of poverty, he stopped studying. All he could do now was imitate the fashion of the white society. The first step was to become â€Å"white† in the sense of changing the color of her skin. He failed miserably, noting that even if his skin changes, his identity will remain black, his ancestry will remain black. However, his status in society did not prevent him from making accomplishments. He invented the traffic lights and military gas mask: one of the symbols of modern society.